Drugs crossing placenta

All of the following do not cross placenta except (MAHE Q Modified)

Options:
(1 ) Insulin
(2 ) Heparin
(3 ) Protamine
(4 ) Propofol✅

To be remembered is..

1. All inhalational anesthetic
most Injectable anaesthetics agents cross placenta and but the effects are minimum ..
except Barbiturates which causes fetal sedation and affects the most

2. Most drugs with Molecular weight
< 500 Da cross the placenta and with
Molecular weight

> 1000 Da like ( Insulin, Heparin, Protamine) do not !

3. Also highly ionized drugs like succinyl choline do not cross the placenta

Remember the drugs which do not cross the placenta :
1. Glycopyrrolate
2. All paralytics
3. Insulin
4. Heparin

DRUGS WHICH CROSS THE PLACENTA
Potentially Dangerous:
Opiates (morphi ne, fent anyl if > 1 uc g/ Benzodi az epi nes Ephedrine (increased metabolism)
Local anesthetics
Atropine
B- blockers

Crosses Placenta but Safe:
Propofol
Thiopental
Ketamine
Fentanyl at < 1ucg/k g
Epidural opiates (fentanyl , sufentanil )