AUTOANTIBODIES & Association
-------------------------------------------
Antigliadin -- Celiac disease
Antimitochondrial -- Primary biliary cirrhosis
Antiplatelet -- Idiopathic immune thrombocytic
purpura
Anti-basement membrane -- Goodpasture’s syndrome
Anti SS-A (anti-Ro) & Anti SS-B (anti-La) -- Sjogren’s
syndrome
Anti ds DNA & Anti Sm (ANAs) -- SLE
Antihistone -- Drug induced lupus
Anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl 70) -- Diffuse
Scleroderma
Anticentromere -- CREST Syndrome
Anti-IgG (Rheumatoid factor) -- Rheumatoid arthritis
Antithyroglobulin & Antithyroid peroxidase
(antimicrosomal) -- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Anti-desmoglein 3 -- Pemphigus vulgaris
c-ANCA -- Wegener granulomatosis
p-ANCA -- Microscopic polyangitis & Churg-Strauss
syndrome
Antiphospholipid -- Antiphospholipid antibody
syndrome (Ex:SLE)
Anti-perietalcell -- Pernicious anemia
Thursday, 10 July 2014
HLA
Half lives of iucd
Important shelf-lives of contraceptives you need to know.
(Shelf-life is only important for IUDs)
1. Copper IUDs - 3-5 yrs
2. Progestasert - 1 year
3. CuT 200 - 4 years
4. Nova T - 5 yrs
5. LNG IUD - 7-10 yrs
6. CuT 380A - 10 yrs
Immunoglobulin
Information
------------------
1) Ig with Highest Carbohydrate content....Ig E
2) Ig with Least Carbohydrate content.....Ig G
3) Ig which crosses placenta..Ig G
4) Ig first synthesised by Fetus...Ig M
5) Ig involved in Secretory protection..Ig A
6) Ig in Primary Immune response..Ig M
7) Ig in Secondary Immune response...Ig G
8) Ig having highest molecular weight...Ig M
9) Ig having no clinical utility...Ig D
10) Ig with least molecular weight...Ig G
Poisoning
Bitter almond = Cyanide
Garlic odour = Arsenic poisoning
Fruity odour = Ethyl alcohol
Kerosene odour = Kerosene, OPC
Rotten eggs = Hydrogen sulphide
Fishy = Zinc phosphide
Burnt rope = Cannabis
Nerves and plexus
Arnold's nerve is the auricular branch (also known as the mastoid branch) of the vagus nerve.
Hering's nerve is the branch of glossopharyngeal nerve to the carotid sinus.
Nerve of Kuntz is a connection from the second intercostal nerve to the first thoracic ventral ramus.
The nerve of Henlé, a branch of the ulnar nerve in the forearm, is thought to deliver sympathetic innervation to the ulnar artery.
Arnold's nerve is also called Alderman's nerve.
Auerbach's plexus (or myenteric plexus) provides motor innervation to both layers of the tunica muscularis, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input, whereas Meissner's plexus has only parasympathetic fibers and provides secretomotor innervation to the mucosa nearest the lumen of the gut.
The diagonal band of Broca is one of the forebrain nuclei that are derived from the ventral telencephalon during development. This structure forms the medial margin of the anterior perforated substance.
Oesteotomy Types
Wednesday, 2 July 2014
Some points
Q.Hypnopompic hallucinations---->which occur on awakening
Q.1 FADH2 gives rise to how many ATP---->>1.5 ATP
Q.1 ATP leads to generation of----->>7000 calories
Q.Kleine–Levin syndrome ---->>
KLS or
Sleeping Beauty syndrome is a
neurological disorder characterized
by recurring periods of excessive
amounts of sleeping and eating. At
the onset of an episode the patient
becomes drowsy and sleeps for
most of the day and night
(hypersomnolence)
9 c in wilsons
Pgi type
DEJA VU- unfamiliar events feel familiar
JAMAIS VU-feeling of strangeness to familiar situations
DEJA ENTENDU-illusion that what one is hearing has heard previously
DEJA PENSE- unfamiliar thought regarded as repetition of previous thought
Liver
vineyard sprayers lung disease due to--
Cuso4
extended sickness benefit---- 2 years
heart failure cells are stained by-- prussian blue
reilly bodies seen in hurler's ds
brassy bodies seen in malaria
MC substance absuse in pt of schizophrenia is
Nicotine 90%
Alcohol 40%
Canabis
diagnostic trop I value in mi--
>.2 ng
sirtutuins associated with
cancer
dm
aging
mosquito found at all breading places--
Culex
(Nuisance mosquito)
aedes called as nuisance mosquito
Most common cause of pyogenic liver abcess --Biliary tract disease
The % of myomas undergoing malignant change: (AI 92)--0.5%
oyster intake assoc diarrhoe caused by
v.parahemolyticus
v.vulnificus
norwalk virus
The distribution of myoma in the body of the uterus is broadly classified as follows
--Submucous 15%
--Subserous 10%
What are basophilic viruses--
Chlamydia
Mcc of esophageal rupture-iatrogenic
Mc site of rupture-cricopharynx/cervical
Mc site of spontaneous rupture-left posterolateral of distal esophagus
Rheobase is the intensity of electric current of infinite duration necessary to produce minimum action potential.
Chronaxie (or chronaxy) is the time required for an electric current double the strength of the rheobase to elicite first visible action potential
Peak HCG levels are seen by what intrauterine age --8‐10 weeks
A meniere disease gene is linked to chromosome 12p12.3 but hereditary meniere disease is attributable to mutation on chromosome 6 . Transmission is reported to be autosomal dominant
thornwald's disease
--Abscess in the nasopharyngeal bursa
Bryce's sign seen in
Laryngocoele
Which poisoning
Dialysis dementia syndrome due to--Aluminium
Saturnism-- Lead
diwali poison--white phosphorus
Legally MTP is defined upto
--140days
Synthesis of complements :
C2,4: macrophages
C5,8: spleen
c3,6 9: liver
C7: not known
Martel's sign is seen in--Gout
A.G sign
B.Rat bite sign
duration of action of flumazenil--20 minutes
half life of digoxin--36 hours
brown tumor of bone- hyperparathyroidism , osteitis fibrosa cystica
brown's sign in-- glomus jugulare
procalcitonin is a marker for neonatal sepsis
while calcitonin is a marker for medullary carcinoma of thyroid...
lines of zain is found in arterial clot ... mostly when formed in heart and in aorta
CAUSE OF DEATH IN SLE IS RENAL FAILURE...WHICH IS DUE TO NEPHRITIS
CDH1 GENE associated wit vch malignancy-- gastric cancer
Iodination...15ppm at consumer level
, 30ppm at production level.
mixed lymphocyte culture is used to identify HLA CLASS II
hematoxylin bodies and le cells are seen in SLE
syphilytic aneurysm is called as LEUTIC ANEURYSM
chediak higashi syndrome is due to mutation of LYST GENE
honey coloured crusts seen in impetigo contagiosum
mcc of post operative late endophthalmitis--
propionobacterium
mc cause of mycotic aneurysm--staph aureus
serous delumiens occurs in sublingual nd submaxillary glands
splashed tomato ketchup fundus appearance in CRVO
cauliflower ear in hamartoma
popcorn calcification seen in
A.pulmonary hamartoma
B.fibroadenoma
Molotov cocktail = petrol bomb
Thickest nerve of the body--sciatic nerve
thickest cranial nerve-- trigeminal nerve
Mother in law sign seen inmenigioma
Mexican hat sign seen ingi polyp
Hockey stick sign seen intb bladder
KHILKHILAT" run by which programme nrhm
Katayama test :: for carbon monoxide
Katayama fever :: due to schistostoma
Takayama test:: for blood stain
kanagawa phenomenon:: vibrio parahemolyticus
Miyagawa bodies:: elementary body of
chlamydia
Nagayama spot:: In roseola infantum
Nakayama strain:: Japanese encephalitis