Mnemonics in Dermatology

Generalized Skin Hyperpigmentation

"With generalized, none of the skin is SPARED"

Sunlight

Pregnancy

Addison's disease

Renal failure

Excess iron (haemochromatosis)

Drugs (e.g. amiodarone, minocycline)

Painful Cutaneous Nodules

BENGAL CO.

Blue rubber bleb nevus

Eccrine spiradenoma

Neurilemmoma/Neuroma

Glomus tumor

Angiolipoma/Angioleiomyoma/Angiosarcoma

Leiomyoma

Cutaneous endometriosis/Calcinosis cutis

Osteoma cutis

White Patch of Skin

"Vitiligo PATCH"

Vitiligo

Pityriasis alba/Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation

Age related hypopigmentation (e.g. idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis)

Tinea versicolor, Tuberous sclerosis (ash-leaf macules)

Congenital birthmark (e.g. Hypomelanosis of Ito)

Hansen's disease (leprosy)

Common Causes of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

VASCULITIS

Viral (e.g. Hepatitis B and C)

Autoimmune (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis)

Streptococci, Staphylococci, Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Cryoglobulins, Cryofibrinogens, Churg Strauss/Wegener's granulomatosis

Ulcerative colitis, urticarial vasculitis

Lymphoproliferative disease (hairy cell leukemia)

Infectious (endocarditis, meningococcemia, gonococcemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever)

Thiazides, phenothiazines, and other drugs

Immune complex reactions, iodides, idiopathic

Sulfa drugs (septra), penicillin, and other antibiotics

Non-scarring alopecia

TOP HAT

Telogen effluvium, Tinea capitis

Out of iron, zinc

Physical-trichotillomania, traction alopecia

Hormonal-hypothyroidism, androgenic

Autoimmune-alopecia areata, anagen effluvium

Toxins-heavy metals, chemotherapy

Erythema Nodosum

NODOSUM5

NO cause is found in 60% of cases

Drug (iodides, bromides, sulfonamides)

Oral contraceptives

Sarcoidosis or. Löfgren's syndrome

Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, Behçet's

Microbiology: any chronic infection (bacterial, viral, yersinia, tuberculosis, leprosy, deep fungal)

Behcet's syndrome: Diagnostic Criteria

PROSE

Pathergy test

Recurrent genital ulceration

Oral ulceration (recurrent)

Skin lesions (e.g. erythema nodosum, subcutaneous throm-bophlebitis, cutaneous hypersensitivity)

Eye lesions (e.g. iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis)

• Oral ulceration is central criterion, plus any 2 others

Focal Dermal Hypoplasia Syndrome/Goltz syndrome

FOCAL

Female sex (85-90%)6

Osteopathia striata

Coloboma

Absent ecto-, meso-, and neuro-dermis elements

Lobster claw deformity

SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Diagnosis

SOAP BRAIN MD

Serositis

Oral/nasal ulcers

Arthritis

Photosensitivity

Blood (cytopenia)

Renal involvement

ANA

Immune (typical antibodies e.g. dsDNA, anti-Sm)

Neurologic (e.g. seizures, stroke)

Malar rash

Discoid rash

• 4 out of 11 criteria needed for diagnosis

Henoch-Schonlein purpura: signs and symptoms

NAPA

Nephritis

Arthritis, arthralgias

Purpura , palpable (especially on lower extremities)

Abdominal pain (intussusception to be ruled out)