Generalized Skin Hyperpigmentation
"With generalized, none of the skin is SPARED"
Sunlight
Pregnancy
Addison's disease
Renal failure
Excess iron (haemochromatosis)
Drugs (e.g. amiodarone, minocycline)
Painful Cutaneous Nodules
BENGAL CO.
Blue rubber bleb nevus
Eccrine spiradenoma
Neurilemmoma/Neuroma
Glomus tumor
Angiolipoma/Angioleiomyoma/Angiosarcoma
Leiomyoma
Cutaneous endometriosis/Calcinosis cutis
Osteoma cutis
White Patch of Skin
"Vitiligo PATCH"
Vitiligo
Pityriasis alba/Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation
Age related hypopigmentation (e.g. idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis)
Tinea versicolor, Tuberous sclerosis (ash-leaf macules)
Congenital birthmark (e.g. Hypomelanosis of Ito)
Hansen's disease (leprosy)
Common Causes of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
VASCULITIS
Viral (e.g. Hepatitis B and C)
Autoimmune (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis)
Streptococci, Staphylococci, Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Cryoglobulins, Cryofibrinogens, Churg Strauss/Wegener's granulomatosis
Ulcerative colitis, urticarial vasculitis
Lymphoproliferative disease (hairy cell leukemia)
Infectious (endocarditis, meningococcemia, gonococcemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever)
Thiazides, phenothiazines, and other drugs
Immune complex reactions, iodides, idiopathic
Sulfa drugs (septra), penicillin, and other antibiotics
Non-scarring alopecia
TOP HAT
Telogen effluvium, Tinea capitis
Out of iron, zinc
Physical-trichotillomania, traction alopecia
Hormonal-hypothyroidism, androgenic
Autoimmune-alopecia areata, anagen effluvium
Toxins-heavy metals, chemotherapy
Erythema Nodosum
NODOSUM5
NO cause is found in 60% of cases
Drug (iodides, bromides, sulfonamides)
Oral contraceptives
Sarcoidosis or. Löfgren's syndrome
Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, Behçet's
Microbiology: any chronic infection (bacterial, viral, yersinia, tuberculosis, leprosy, deep fungal)
Behcet's syndrome: Diagnostic Criteria
PROSE
Pathergy test
Recurrent genital ulceration
Oral ulceration (recurrent)
Skin lesions (e.g. erythema nodosum, subcutaneous throm-bophlebitis, cutaneous hypersensitivity)
Eye lesions (e.g. iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis)
• Oral ulceration is central criterion, plus any 2 others
Focal Dermal Hypoplasia Syndrome/Goltz syndrome
FOCAL
Female sex (85-90%)6
Osteopathia striata
Coloboma
Absent ecto-, meso-, and neuro-dermis elements
Lobster claw deformity
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Diagnosis
SOAP BRAIN MD
Serositis
Oral/nasal ulcers
Arthritis
Photosensitivity
Blood (cytopenia)
Renal involvement
ANA
Immune (typical antibodies e.g. dsDNA, anti-Sm)
Neurologic (e.g. seizures, stroke)
Malar rash
Discoid rash
• 4 out of 11 criteria needed for diagnosis
Henoch-Schonlein purpura: signs and symptoms
NAPA
Nephritis
Arthritis, arthralgias
Purpura , palpable (especially on lower extremities)
Abdominal pain (intussusception to be ruled out)
"With generalized, none of the skin is SPARED"
Sunlight
Pregnancy
Addison's disease
Renal failure
Excess iron (haemochromatosis)
Drugs (e.g. amiodarone, minocycline)
Painful Cutaneous Nodules
BENGAL CO.
Blue rubber bleb nevus
Eccrine spiradenoma
Neurilemmoma/Neuroma
Glomus tumor
Angiolipoma/Angioleiomyoma/Angiosarcoma
Leiomyoma
Cutaneous endometriosis/Calcinosis cutis
Osteoma cutis
White Patch of Skin
"Vitiligo PATCH"
Vitiligo
Pityriasis alba/Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation
Age related hypopigmentation (e.g. idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis)
Tinea versicolor, Tuberous sclerosis (ash-leaf macules)
Congenital birthmark (e.g. Hypomelanosis of Ito)
Hansen's disease (leprosy)
Common Causes of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
VASCULITIS
Viral (e.g. Hepatitis B and C)
Autoimmune (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis)
Streptococci, Staphylococci, Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Cryoglobulins, Cryofibrinogens, Churg Strauss/Wegener's granulomatosis
Ulcerative colitis, urticarial vasculitis
Lymphoproliferative disease (hairy cell leukemia)
Infectious (endocarditis, meningococcemia, gonococcemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever)
Thiazides, phenothiazines, and other drugs
Immune complex reactions, iodides, idiopathic
Sulfa drugs (septra), penicillin, and other antibiotics
Non-scarring alopecia
TOP HAT
Telogen effluvium, Tinea capitis
Out of iron, zinc
Physical-trichotillomania, traction alopecia
Hormonal-hypothyroidism, androgenic
Autoimmune-alopecia areata, anagen effluvium
Toxins-heavy metals, chemotherapy
Erythema Nodosum
NODOSUM5
NO cause is found in 60% of cases
Drug (iodides, bromides, sulfonamides)
Oral contraceptives
Sarcoidosis or. Löfgren's syndrome
Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, Behçet's
Microbiology: any chronic infection (bacterial, viral, yersinia, tuberculosis, leprosy, deep fungal)
Behcet's syndrome: Diagnostic Criteria
PROSE
Pathergy test
Recurrent genital ulceration
Oral ulceration (recurrent)
Skin lesions (e.g. erythema nodosum, subcutaneous throm-bophlebitis, cutaneous hypersensitivity)
Eye lesions (e.g. iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis)
• Oral ulceration is central criterion, plus any 2 others
Focal Dermal Hypoplasia Syndrome/Goltz syndrome
FOCAL
Female sex (85-90%)6
Osteopathia striata
Coloboma
Absent ecto-, meso-, and neuro-dermis elements
Lobster claw deformity
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Diagnosis
SOAP BRAIN MD
Serositis
Oral/nasal ulcers
Arthritis
Photosensitivity
Blood (cytopenia)
Renal involvement
ANA
Immune (typical antibodies e.g. dsDNA, anti-Sm)
Neurologic (e.g. seizures, stroke)
Malar rash
Discoid rash
• 4 out of 11 criteria needed for diagnosis
Henoch-Schonlein purpura: signs and symptoms
NAPA
Nephritis
Arthritis, arthralgias
Purpura , palpable (especially on lower extremities)
Abdominal pain (intussusception to be ruled out)
