Gold standard tests

Gold standard method for estimating resting energy expenditure – indirect calorimetry

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia – Estimation of serum Ferritin

Gold standard for proving that the life span of red cell is decreased ( useful in Hemolytic anemia) – Red cell survival study

Gold standard for evaluation of stem cell transplantation therapy – Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation

Gold standard technique for differentiating allograft rejection and reactivation of disease after heart transplantation – Endo-myocardial Biopsy

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of DVT – Contrast Venography

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of acute pharyngitis – Throat Culture

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of pertussis – Culture of nasopharyngeal secretions

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Otitisexterna caused by P. aeruginosa – Technetium99 bone scan

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Acoustic Neuroma – Gadolinium MRI

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Shigella infection – Isolation and identification of pathogen from fecal material

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Tuberculous meningitis – Culture of CSF

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of HSV Encephalitis – Brain biopsy (CSF PCR largely replaced brain biopsy in recent times)

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of histoplasmosis – Fungal Culture

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomypathy and atrialmyxoma – Echocardiogram

Gold standard investigation for imaging heart valves and valve motion abnormalities – 2D echocardiography

Gold standard investigation for assessment of Myocardial viability (Identification of ischemic or hibernating myocardium)– PET

Gold standard investigation for assessment of LV mass and volume – MRI

Gold standard method for evaluation of renal arteries and identification of renal artery lesions – Contrast arteriography

Gold standard method for evaluation of respiratory gas exchange – ABG

Gold standard investigation for assessment of albuminuria – 24 hr urine collection

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PNH (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria) – Flow cytometry

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of ATTR and other AF mutations – DNA sequencing

Gold standard method for identifying and quantifying atherosclerosis in cerebral arteries – X-ray cerebral angiography

Gold standard investigation for evaluating anatomy of arterio-venous malformation – X-ray angiography

Gold standard for diagnosis and classification of ataxia – genotype

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of lung infection (Radiotherapy induced) in a cancer patient – open-lung biopsy

Gold standard medical treatment for symptomatic progressive pulmonary hypertension – Prostacyclin

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PIH – Serum Urea

Gold standard for assessment of visual impairment – Snellen's chart

Gold standard method of treatment of non-castrate metastatic disease – surgical orchidectomy

Gold standard method for bacterial stain analysis – Pulse-field gel electrophoresis

Gold standard method of treatment of DCIS – Mastectomy

Gold standard approach for resection of anterior and middle mediastinal masses – median or lateral thoracotomy

Gold standard method of treatment of Coarctation of aorta – Surgical repair

Gold standard method for evaluation of coronary artery disease – Cardiac Catheterization

Gold standard method for culture of V. cholerae o139 – Conventional culture method

Gold standard to determine cut-off titer of widal test for diagnosis of Typhoid fever – Nested PCR

Gold standard treatment of brucellosis in adults – IM Streptomycin + Doxycyclin

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of chronic arterial mesentric ischemia – Angiography

Gold standard method for treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis – Total proctocolostomy with end ileostomy

Gold standard method for evaluation of imaging modalities for liver tumors – Intraoperativeultrasonography

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of common bile duct stones – Endoscopic cholangiography

Gold standard investigation for measurement of GFR – Inulin clearance

Gold standard for treatment of organ confined, muscle invasive, bladder cancer is – Radical cystoprostatectomy in men and anterior pelvic exenteration in woman

Gold standard for treatment of femoral shaft fractures – Reamed locked intramedullary nailing

Gold standard method in case of difficult intubation – Flexible fibreoptic intubation scope

Gold standard method for diagnosis and treatment of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) – Broncho alveolar lavage

Gold standard treatment of hyperparathyroidism – Surgery

Gold standard investigation to differentiate follicular and papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland- Histology

Gold standard procedure for thymectomy – Trans cervical mediastinoscopy and surgery

Gold standard for treatment of adrenal tumors – Laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of breast cancer – Mammography

Gold standard method for staging of breast cancer – Axillary lymph node dissection

Gold standard for evaluation of a stable patient with suspected vascular injury – Angiography

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of GERD – Ambulatory 24 hr PH monitoring

Gold standard method for treatment of GERD – LaparoccopicNissensfundoplication

Gold standard for evaluating cure rate in duodenal ulcer patients – Vagotomy

Gold standard finding for the diagnosis of GI perforation – Finding pneumoperitoneum

Gold standard for diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome – Serum gastrin levels( Most patients have serum gastrin levels above 1000pg/mL)

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of colonic mucosal disease – Colonoscopy

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of steatorrhoea – Timed quantitative stool fat determination

Gold standard method for treatment of incontinence with an isolated sphincter defect – Overlapping sphincteroplasty

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis and method of management of Acute arterial occlusion – Laparotomy

Gold standard method for confirmation of mesentric arterial occlusion – Mesentric angiography

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of celiac disease – Small intestine biopsy

Gold standard for identifying choledocholithiasis – ERCP

Gold standard method of treatment of Symptomatic cholelitiasis – Lap cholecystectomy

Gold standard method for diagnosis of Primary sclerosingcholangitis – ERCP

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Hepatitis C – HCV RNA assay

Gold standard test for diagnosis of intraluminal bile duct abnormalities – ERCP

Gold standard method for management of hydatid disease – Surgery

Gold standard for assessing degree of liver injury and fibrosis – Liver Biopsy

Gold standard method for management of blunt hepatic trauma – Non-operative management

Gold standard test for assessment of function of sphincter of oddi – Manometry

Gold standard investigation of diagnosis of Klatskin tumor – Cholangiography

Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of invasive amoebiasis – ELISA