Innervations
Palatal muscles:
All muscles of soft palate supplied by vagus nerve thru pharyngeal plexus except tensor veli palati supplied by mandibular nerve
All muscles of soft palate supplied by vagus nerve thru pharyngeal plexus except tensor veli palati supplied by mandibular nerve
pharyngeal muscles:
All muscles of pharynx are supplied by vagus nerve except stylo pharyngeus supplied by Glossopharyngeal nerve
All muscles of pharynx are supplied by vagus nerve except stylo pharyngeus supplied by Glossopharyngeal nerve
Larynx:
All muscles of larynx supplied by recurrent laryngeal nerve except cricothyroid supplied by external laryngeal nerve (superior LN)
Most frequently fractured bone of body: Clavicle
Most frequently dislocated carpal bone: Lunate
Most frequently fractured carpal bone:Scaphoid
Osseous structure palpated deep to "anatomical snuff box": Scaphoid
Fracture of distal radius that produces "dinner fork" appearance: Colles' fracture
Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus: Axillary
Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus: Radial
Nerve injured that results in wrist drop: Radial
Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle: Ulnar
Muscle that is the chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint: Deltoid
Muscles innervated by axillary nerve: Deltoid and teres minor
Muscle that initiates abduction of arm: Supraspinatus
Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff: Supraspinatus
Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm: Trapezius and serratus anterior
Tendon that courses through shoulder joint: Long head of biceps
Chief supinator muscle of hand: Biceps brachii
Primary (major) flexor of the forearm: Brachialis
Orientation of structures located in the cubital fossa-Lateral to Medial: Tendon biceps brachii, brachial a., median n.
Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula: Long thoracic nerve
Spinal levels of axillary nerve: C5 and C6
Spinal levels of innervation to muscles of the hand: C8 and T1
Dermatome of thumb: C6
Nerve to thenar compartment: Recurrent branch of Median
Innervation of adductor pollicis: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to all interosseous muscles: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to nail bed of middle finger: Median nerve
Innervation to nail bed of ring finger: Ulnar and median
Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus (C5-C6): Shoulder
Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus (C8-T1): Intrinsic hand muscles
Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome: Median
Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome: Ulnar
Paralysis of which muscles results in total "claw" hand: Lumbricals
Dermatome around nipple: T4
All muscles of larynx supplied by recurrent laryngeal nerve except cricothyroid supplied by external laryngeal nerve (superior LN)
Most frequently fractured bone of body: Clavicle
Most frequently dislocated carpal bone: Lunate
Most frequently fractured carpal bone:Scaphoid
Osseous structure palpated deep to "anatomical snuff box": Scaphoid
Fracture of distal radius that produces "dinner fork" appearance: Colles' fracture
Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus: Axillary
Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus: Radial
Nerve injured that results in wrist drop: Radial
Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle: Ulnar
Muscle that is the chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint: Deltoid
Muscles innervated by axillary nerve: Deltoid and teres minor
Muscle that initiates abduction of arm: Supraspinatus
Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff: Supraspinatus
Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm: Trapezius and serratus anterior
Tendon that courses through shoulder joint: Long head of biceps
Chief supinator muscle of hand: Biceps brachii
Primary (major) flexor of the forearm: Brachialis
Orientation of structures located in the cubital fossa-Lateral to Medial: Tendon biceps brachii, brachial a., median n.
Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula: Long thoracic nerve
Spinal levels of axillary nerve: C5 and C6
Spinal levels of innervation to muscles of the hand: C8 and T1
Dermatome of thumb: C6
Nerve to thenar compartment: Recurrent branch of Median
Innervation of adductor pollicis: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to all interosseous muscles: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to nail bed of middle finger: Median nerve
Innervation to nail bed of ring finger: Ulnar and median
Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus (C5-C6): Shoulder
Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus (C8-T1): Intrinsic hand muscles
Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome: Median
Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome: Ulnar
Paralysis of which muscles results in total "claw" hand: Lumbricals
Dermatome around nipple: T4
Vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula: TV7
Structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium: Thymus
Vertebral level associated with sternal angle: Disc between TV4-5
Rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly: 2nd
Rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung: 4th
Inferior extent of lung at mid-clavicular line: 6th rib
Inferior extent of pleura at mid-clavicular line: 8th rib
Inferior extent of lung at mid-axillary line: 8th rib
Inferior extent of pleura at mid-axillary line: 10th rib
Inferior extent of lung posteriorly : 10th rib
Inferior extent of pleura posteriorly: 12th rib
Innervation of costal pleura: Intercostal nerve
Innervation of mediastinal pleura: Phrenic nerve
Level where ascending aorta is continuous with arch of aorta: TV4-5
Level where arch of aorta is continuous with descending aorta: TV4-5
Effect of sympathetic nerves on lungs: Bronchodilation, Vasoconstriction
Effect of parasympathetic nerves on lungs: Bronchoconstriction, Vasodilation
Rationale for aspirated small objects to go to right primary bronchus: Wider diameter, shorter and more vertical
Needle location for therapeutic pleural tapping: Superior to 12th rib, posteriorly
Name given to portion of right ventricle prior to beginning of pulmonary trunk: conus arteriosum or infundibulum
Site for auscultation of pulmonary valve: Left 2nd interspace
Site for auscultation of aortic valve: Right 2nd interspace
Site for auscultation of tricuspid valve: Xiphisternal joint
Site for auscultation of mitral valve: Left 5th interspace, mid-clavicular line
Heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection: Right ventricle
Chamber that forms apex of heart: Left ventricle
Major chamber that forms base of heart: Left atrium
Heart chamber that contains moderator band: Right ventricle
Ridge located between sinus venarum and right ventricle: Cristae
terminalis at the root of the SVC
terminalis at the root of the SVC
Artery that determines coronary dominance: Posterior interventricular
Usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries: Right coronary artery
Location of SA node: Cristae terminalis
Major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart: Coronary sinus
Innervation of fibrous pericardium: Phrenic nerve
Most common cause of systolic ejection murmur: Aortic stenosis
Rib associated with sternal angle: Second rib
Location of ductus arteriosus: Between left pulmonary artery and aorta
Nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus: Left
recurrent laryngeal Nerve
recurrent laryngeal Nerve
Veins that unite to form brachiocephalic: Subclavian and internal Jugular
Veins that unite to form superior vena cava: Right and left Brachiocephalic
Termination of azygos vein: Superior vena cava
Structures that lie to right and left of thoracic duct: Azygos veins, aorta
Spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve: T5-9
Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve: T10-11
Spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve: T12
Thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus: Left bronchus, aorta and Diaphragm
Disease often associated with thymoma: Myasthenia gravis
Structure that separates pelvis from perineum: Pelvic diaphragm
Structure that separates pelvis from perineum: Pelvic diaphragm
Two major components of pelvic diaphragm: Levator ani and coccygeus
Two major components of levator ani: Pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus
Two muscles which close lateral pelvic wall: Obturator internus and piriformis
Means by which obturator internus exits pelvis: Lesser sciatic foramen
Means by which piriformis exits pelvis: Greater sciatic foramen
Innervation of detrusor: Pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)
Innervation of trigone
: Sympathetics (Pregang. lesser, least, lumbar splanchnic nn.)
: Sympathetics (Pregang. lesser, least, lumbar splanchnic nn.)
Innervation of sphincter urethrae: Pudendal n. (S 2,3,4)
Remnants of umbilical arteries: Medial umbilical ligaments
Provides major vasculature to pelvic organs: Internal iliac
Chief artery to rectal mucosa Superior rectal
Chief artery to rectal muscular wall: Middle rectal
Most common type of pelvic inlet in females: Gynecoid
Two remnants of gubernaculum in females: Ovarian and round ligament
Ligament that contains ovarian vessels: Suspensory ligament of ovary
Cavity into which ova immediately escape the ovary: Peritoneal
Lymphatic drainage for ovary and testes: Lumbar nodes (para-aortic)
Normal position of uterus: Anterverted, anteflexed
Name given to orientation where uterus and vagina intersect at angle of 90 degrees: Anteversion
Name given to orientation where uterine body and cervix intersect at angle of 10-15 degrees: Anteflexion
Chief uterine support: Pubococcygeus
Ligament that contains uterine vessels: Lateral cervical
Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy: Ureter
Relation of ureter to uterine artery: Inferior and posterior
Structure that separates deep and superficial perineal spaces: Perineal membrane
Bony landmarks between anal and UG triangles: Ischial tuberosities
Structure forming lateral wall of ischioanal fossa: Fascia of obturator Internus
Structure that forms the pudendal canal: Fascia of obturator Internus
Structure that separates internal and external hemorrhoids: Pectinate line
Lymphatic drainage for area superior to pectinate line of anal canal: Internal iliac, inferior mesenteric nodes
Lymphatic drainage for area inferior to pectinate line of anal canal: Superficial inguinal nodes
Lymphatic drainage for glans penis: Deep inguinal nodes
Muscle which compresses the bulb of penis: Bulbospongiosus
Muscle which compresses the crus of penis: Ischiocavernosus
Nerves of erection: Pelvic splanchnic, nervi erigentes (S 2,3,4)
Muscles which meet at the perineal body: Superficial and deep perineal, bulbospongiosus, external anal sphincter, pubococcygeus
Major structure of deep perineal space: Sphincter urethrae
Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column: Kyphosis
Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column: Kyphosis
Lateral deviation of vertebral column: Scoliosis
Major feature of cervical vertebrae: Transverse foramina
Structure which regionally determines vertebral movement: Facet joints
Vertebra located at level of iliac crest: L4
Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae: Ligamentum flavum
Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column: Anterior longitudinal
Ligament affected by whiplash injury: Anterior longitudinal
Ligament which limits skull rotation: Alar
Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area: Pedicle
Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in lumbar area: Pars interarticularis, Lamina
Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae: Posterior
Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens: Transverse ligament of atlas (part of cruciate)
Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc: L4-5
Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc: L5
Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6: C6
Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4: L4
Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation: sixth
Vertebral level of lumbar puncture: L4
Muscles which extend and side-bend the spine: Erector spinae
Muscles which extend, ROTATE, and side-bend the spine: Transversospinae
Innervation of suboccipital muscles: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus C1)
Roof of suboccipital triangle: Semispinalis capitis
Floor of suboccipital triangle: Posterior arch of atlas; posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
Major vessel within suboccipital triangle: Vertebral artery
Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac: SV2
Inferior extent of spinal cord: LV2
Location of internal vertebral plexus: Epidural space
Most frequently fractured bone of body : Clavicle
Most frequently dislocated carpal bone: Lunate
Most frequently fracture carpal bone: Scaphoid
Osseous structure palpated deep to “anatomical snuff box”: Scaphoid
Fracture of distal radius that produces “dinner fork” appearance: Colle’s fracture
Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus: Axillary
Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus: Radial
Nerve injured that results in wrist drop: Radial
Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle: Ulnar
Muscle that is the chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint: Deltoid
Muscles innervated by axillary nerve: Deltoid and teres minor
Muscle that initiates abduction of arm: Supraspinatus
Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff: Supraspinatus
Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm: Trapezius and serratus anterior
Tendon that courses through shoulder joint: Long head of biceps
Chief supinator muscle of hand: Biceps brachii
Primary (major) flexor of the forearm: Brachialis
Orientation of structures located in the cubital fossa-Lateral to Medial: Tendon biceps brachii, brachial a., median n.
Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula: Long thoracic nerve
Spinal levels of axillary nerve: C5 and C6
Spinal levels of innervation to muscles of the hand: C8 and T1
Dermatome of thumb: C6
Nerve to thenar compartment: Recurrent branch of Median
Innervation of adductor pollicis: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to all interosseous muscles: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to nail bed of middle finger: Median nerve
Innervation to nail bed of ring finger: Ulnar and median
Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus (C5-C6): Shoulder
Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus (C8-T1): Intrinsic hand muscles
Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome: Median
Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome: Ulnar
Paralysis of which muscles results in total “claw” hand: Lumbricals
Boundaries of femoral triangle: Inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath: Femoral nerve
Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath" Femoral vein
Contents of femoral canal: Deep inguinal lymph nodes
Medial boundary of femoral ring: Lacunar ligament
Structures that course throughout entire length of adductor canal: Femoral artery and vein
Structures that course through only portion of adductor canal: Saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis, descending genicular vessels
Muscle that forms floor of popliteal fossa: Popliteus
Muscle that is chief flexor at hip joint: Iliopsoas
Muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking: Gluteus medius
Nerve affected when pelvis tilts to unsupported side during gait: Superior gluteal n.
Muscles which extend the thigh and flex the leg: Hamstrings
Muscle that extends leg: Quadriceps femoris
Specific muscle that holds patella in place: Vastus medialis
First portion of quadriceps femoris to atrophy with injury: Vastus medialis to femoral nerve
Last portion of quadriceps femoris to recover following injury: Vastus medialis
Muscle that unlocks knee joint: Popliteus
Muscle affected with “foot slap”: Tibialis anterior
Major spinal cord level of nerve affected causing foot slap: L4
Chief invertors of foot: Tibialis anterior and posterior
Chief evertors of foot: Fibularis longus and brevis
Ligament that checks backward displacement of femur on tibia: Anterior cruciate
Ligament laxity with positive valgus maneuver: Medial collateral
Most commonly injured ankle ligament: Anterior talofibular
Ligament stretched with “flat foot”: Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring)
Joints for movements of inversion and eversion: Subtalar and transverse Tarsal
Major artery to head of femur in adult: Medial femoral circumflex
Nerve affected with fracture of head and neck of fibula: Common fibular
Tendon affected with avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal: Fibularis brevis
Innervation of adductor magnus: Obturator, tibial portion of Sciatic
Nerve affected with tarsal tunnel syndrome: Tibial
No comments:
Post a Comment