Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column: Kyphosis
Lateral deviation of vertebral column: Scoliosis
Major feature of cervical vertebrae: Transverse foramina
Structure which regionally determines vertebral movement: Facet joints
Vertebra located at level of iliac crest: L4
Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae: Ligamentum flavum
Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column: Anterior longitudinal
Ligament affected by whiplash injury: Anterior longitudinal
Ligament which limits skull rotation: Alar
Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area: Pedicle
Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in lumbar area: Pars interarticularis, Lamina
Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae: Posterior
Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens: Transverse ligament of atlas (part of cruciate)
Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc: L4-5
Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc: L5
Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6: C6
Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4: L4
Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation: sixth
Vertebral level of lumbar puncture: L4
Muscles which extend and side-bend the spine: Erector spinae
Muscles which extend, ROTATE, and side-bend the spine: Transversospinae
Innervation of suboccipital muscles: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus C1)
Roof of suboccipital triangle: Semispinalis capitis
Floor of suboccipital triangle: Posterior arch of atlas; posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
Major vessel within suboccipital triangle: Vertebral artery
Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac: SV2
Inferior extent of spinal cord: LV2
Location of internal vertebral plexus: Epidural space
Most frequently fractured bone of body : Clavicle
Most frequently dislocated carpal bone: Lunate
Most frequently fracture carpal bone: Scaphoid
Osseous structure palpated deep to “anatomical snuff boxâ€: Scaphoid
Fracture of distal radius that produces “dinner fork†appearance: Colle’s fracture
Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus: Axillary
Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus: Radial
Nerve injured that results in wrist drop: Radial
Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle: Ulnar
Muscle that is the chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint: Deltoid
Muscles innervated by axillary nerve: Deltoid and teres minor
Muscle that initiates abduction of arm: Supraspinatus
Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff: Supraspinatus
Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm: Trapezius and serratus anterior
Tendon that courses through shoulder joint: Long head of biceps
Chief supinator muscle of hand: Biceps brachii
Primary (major) flexor of the forearm: Brachialis
Orientation of structures located in the cubital fossa-Lateral to Medial: Tendon biceps brachii, brachial a., median n.
Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula: Long thoracic nerve
Spinal levels of axillary nerve: C5 and C6
Spinal levels of innervation to muscles of the hand: C8 and T1
Dermatome of thumb: C6
Nerve to thenar compartment: Recurrent branch of Median
Innervation of adductor pollicis: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to all interosseous muscles: Ulnar (deep br.)
Innervation to nail bed of middle finger: Median nerve
Innervation to nail bed of ring finger: Ulnar and median
Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus (C5-C6): Shoulder
Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus (C8-T1): Intrinsic hand muscles
Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome: Median
Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome: Ulnar
Paralysis of which muscles results in total “claw†hand: Lumbricals
Boundaries of femoral triangle: Inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath: Femoral nerve
Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath” Femoral vein