ENT

-irwin moore sign seem in chronic tonsillitis.
Pressure on the anterior pillar results in expression of pus from tonsillar crypts.

-primary elevators of larynx
= stylopharyngeus
= salpingopharyngeus
= palatopharyngeus
= thyrohyoid

-secondary elevators of larynx
= mylohyoid
= digastric
= stylohyoid
= geniohyoid

-TB larynx
=earliest symptom is weakness of voice

= first sign is impairment of adduction
=mouse nibbled appearance also seen

-WALDEYER RING

INNER RING
= ADENOIDS
= TUBAL TONSIL
= LINGUAL TONSILS
= PALATINE TONSILS

OUTER RING
= RETROPHARYNGEAL LYMPH NODE
=JUGULODIGASTRIC NODE
=SUBMANDIBULAR LN
= SUBMENTAL LN

-Broyle's ligament = ligament connecting both vocal cords at the anterior commisure to the thyroid gland

-Galen's anastomosis = anastomosis between superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve

-most common type of laryngeal ca  glottic ca

-hoarseness early symptom in glottic ca.
( late feature in supraglottic and subglottic ca)

- earliest symptom of subglottic ca  stridor and laryngeal obstruction

-Early nodal mets occurs in supraglottic ca