Exam points

24 hour urine protein

<0.03g. Normal

0.03 -0.3 g microalbuminuria

0.3-0.5 g dipstick positive

>2.5 g. Likely glomerular disease

> 4 g. Nephrotic range ( glomerular always)

Aconite also called mitha bish

Tree bark appearance in vessel wall seen in syphilis

Serosa is absent thru out esophagus except intra abdominal part

Blood vessels & lymphatic a travel thru sub mucosa

Toughest layer of oesophagus is. Mucosa

histadine decreases in pregnancy

paneth cells contain zinc

main estrogen after menopause...oestrone

main estrogen during reproductive year is oestradiol

main estrogen in prgnancy is oestriol

Gaenslens test – Sciatica

Mc Murrays test – Menisci

Bracket sign - lipoma of corpus callosum

Jail bar app - hemangioma spine

Rugger jersey spine - renal osteodystrophy

Triangular cord sign - biliary atresia

Antral sign - nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Sandstorm app - alveolar microlithiasis

Biological oxygen demand >300 mg/L sewage is strong

BOD <300 mg/L sewage is weak

India - diabetic capital of world

Hyderabad. - diabetic capital of india

IQ

0-20. Idiot
20-50 imbecile
50- 75 moron

Addison's disease, sometimes called bronze skin disease - progressive destruction of the adrenal glands with the result being deficiency of secretion of adrenocortical hormones. Addison described this condition in his 1855 publication: On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules.

Addisonian crisis (or Addison's crisis) - an acute, life-threatening crisis caused by Addison's disease.

Addisonism - a set of symptoms resembling Addison's disease but not due to Addison's disease, that is, not due to any disease of the adrenal glands.

Addisonian anemia or Addison-Biermer disease - now synonymous with pernicious anemia which involves Vitamin B12 deficiency. Described first in 1849.

Addison-Schilder syndrome is a metabolic disorder combining the characteristics of Addison’s disease (bronze skin disease) and cerebral sclerosis Also known as Adrenoleukodystrophy.

Addison gave one of the first adequate accounts of appendicitis and wrote a valuable study of the actions of poisons. He also made seminal contributions to the recognition and understanding of many other diseases, including;

Alibert's disease I - a skin disease characterized by pinkish patches, bordered by a purplish halo

Allgrove's syndrome - a congenital defect in lacrimation

Rayer's disease - a disorder characterized by depigmented patches of skin, jaundice, and enlargement of the liver and spleen

AZZOPARDI EFFECT(=basophilic staining of vessel wall) is a/w----SMALL CELL CA LUNG

metabolism in tumor cell is by -------aerobic glycolysis ( WARBURG EFFECT)