Radiology- CVS
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1) egg on side appearance-- uncorrected TGA.
2) boot shaped heart--TOF.
3) BOX shaped-- ebstein anomaly
4)flask shaped-- pericardial effusion.
5) egg in cup appearance--constrictive pericarditis
6)snowman/figure of 8 / cottage loaf sign-- TAPVC.
7)Docks/figure of 3/E- sign= coarctation of aorta. jug handle appearnce = primary pulm HTN.
9) MALADIE DE ROGER DEFECT= SMALL VSD
10) Hilar dance = ASD.
11) goose neck sign= endocardial cushion defect.
12)schimitar sign= partial anamolous pulmonary vein return.
13)convex left heart border= L-TGA.
14)straight left upper cardiac border= ebstein anomaly.
15) concave main pulmonary segment & right aortic arch= persistent truncus arterious
16) calcifiction of heart= carcinoid syndrome.
17)cardiothoracic ratio should be <0.5
18)lamda sign= small ascending aorta in hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
19)severe stenosis - mitral valve diameter < 1 sq.cm
20) uhl disease= parchment right ventricle
21) IOC for aortic dissection-- MRI
22) IOC for pericardial effusion= M- mode ECHO.
23)IOC for valvular disease = 2 D -ECHO.
24) INVERTED MOUSTACHE SIGN= MITRAL STENOSIS.
25) IOC FOR RADIOTHERAPY CAUSED FIBROSIS= BIOPSY
26)small heart
*normal variant
*emphysema
*addisons disease
*dehydration/malnutrition
*constrictive pericarditis.
27) CARDIAC SHADOW
*right= superior venacava,right atrium,inf venacava
*left=aortic knuckle,pulm artery,left atrial appendage,RV,LV
28)mitral stenosis
*straightening of the left border of the cardiac silhouette
*double atrial shadow.
29) non obstructive TAPVC
*cardiomegaly with plethoric.
*snow man or figure of 8 configuration.
30)obstructive TAPVC
*normal sized heart
*ground glass appearance of lung
due to severe pulmonary HTN.
31)m.c calcification of aorta= syphilitic aortitis.
32)ascending aorta commonest site of calcification.
33)CCF
*enlarged cardiac silhouette.
*ground glass appearance
*kerley b lines
*prominence of upper lobe blood vessel.
*pleural effusion, usually bilateral.
34)even quantities as small as 20-50 ml of pericardial fluid can be diagnosed by echocardiography
35) spring water cyst also k/a pleuro- pericardial cyst or pericardial coelomic cyst.
36)SMALL VSD
*normal
*minimal cardiomegaly
*minimal increase in pulmonary vasculature
37) LARGE VSD
*gross cardiomegaly
*dilatation of both ventricles, left atrium,pulm artery.
*increased pulmonary vascular marking,pulmonary edema &pleural effusion
38)gross cardiac enlargement
*multiple valvular disease.
*pericardial effusion
*ASD
*cardiomyopathy
*ebstein anomaly
